Gateway to Grammar: Using Modal Verbs in English

modal verbs.jpg

Geoffrey the tiger-bird is using modal verbs as he thinks about what the future will be like if he eats all the other birds at the feeder. So, what is a modal verb? “ordinary” verbs are “doing words”, they describe actions. Modal verbs describe the ‘mode’ (or meaning) of the normal verbs around them: can, will, need to, must, have to, shall, ought to, and might. That’s a bit confusing, so I will use some examples to show how modal verbs work.

Will / would

– Will is used to talk about things you are certain about.

– “I will see you later tonight!”  

- Will becomes “would” in the past, and would is used to talk about hypothetical situations.

Can / could

– Can is used to talk about things you are able to do (you have the capability or it is possible).

– “I can swim really well”.

- Can becomes could in the past, and could is used to describe possibilities in hypothetical situations.

Might / may

– Might and may are used to talk about things that are possible, but you are not certain about them happening.

– “I might see you at the party tonight”.

- May is also used to describe things you are allowed (permitted) to do.

Should / ought to

– Should and ought to are used to talk about things that are a good idea, or a rule, but you are not certain these rules will be followed

- “I should eat healthy, but I really like chocolate and I’m hungry”.

Must / have to

– Must and have to are used to describe situations where you have no choice, and you are obligated to do something.

– “I have to drop the car off at home and walk to your house, because Mum wants to use it”.

Need

– Need is used to describe something that is necessary to you or a situation.

- “I need to run or I will miss the bus!”

Remember, if you change the modal verb in a sentence, you change the meaning completely. There is a big difference between “I can eat all the birds at the feeder”, and “I will eat all the birds at the feeder”. Hopefully, Geoffrey will learn this too.

Previous
Previous

Saturday Supplement: Did you know I paint as well as teach English?

Next
Next

Business Builder: English maintenance lessons for non-native English Teachers